Fuel burner



April ,19' 1927 J. A. wlLLNERs "FUEL BURNER Patented Apr. 19, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE.

TOEN A. WILLNEBS, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENN SX LVANIA. v

FUEL BURNER.

Application led April 18, 1923. v Serial No. 682,852.

6 suitable place or region for combustion. Theinvention 4is especially adapted to operate upon heavy fuel oil or other liquid carbon.

4The invention comprises means for forcing the fuel through minute orifices under A pressure into an enclosed chamber in order to break up to a certain extent, the mass or body thereof, then. forcing the same, under pressure, through comparatively small channels extending from near the outer circumference of the chamber toward a centrally disposed circular space or recess: said channels delivering tangentially to said re- .cessin order to give a whirling motion or direction to'the stream or streams of fuel emerging from said channels. The whirling streams are delivered from said recess, through an outwardly liarin port, registering approximately with sa1d recess, into an enlarged compartment of greater dimenvsion than said port, in order that thejwhirling streams shall expand, to further break up the particles offulel. Thecompartment then contracts or tapers into a cone-shaped formation, to a vent in the a ex of the cone.

30 This tends to subject the fue to compression again, after saidtemporary expansion, further to disturb or break up its constituent particles: The vent at said apex causes the sudden release of the fuel sub'ected to said pressure, so that the same s all be thoroughly sprayed and partly atomizedy or vaporized asit issues from said nozzle vent into the atmosphere. c

. The invention also comprises method and means for roducing` an air current or lstream enve oping and im inging the fuel v as it issues from the nozz e vent, and -imroved method and means for preventing rip of the fuel from said nozzle vent. The

'45. invention also comprises improved method and means ,for formin and assembling the various elements for e ecting the objects required.V

, 'Referrin to the drawings, which illus- 5 trate mere y by -way of example .suitable means for effecting my invention:

' Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal section.

Fig. 2 is a detailin perspectiveof the perforated cylinder. t Fig. 3 is a view in perspective of the liar- 1ng port element.

4 is a section on line-4 4 of Fig. 3.

F1 5 is aperspective view of'the channelle element.

6 is a front elevation of same.

Fig. 7 is a rear elevation of same.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.- .v

The chambered body 8' is cylindrical in formation having one end open and interiorly threaded as at 9, the other end lO is cone shaped with a-vent 11 at the apex'of` The outer surface of the cone` the cone. shaped nozzleis provided. with a iin or flange 1-2, for the purpose to be ex lained. The open end of body 8 is close by the plug formation 13 threaded therein, and connected to or having the pipe 14, which is adapted to be connected to a source of fuel supply u nder pressure. Within the body 8 are prov1ded the elements 15, 16 and 17; 15 being 1n the form of a disc with the flaring portl 18 flaring toward the spray vent 11.

-This element 'or disc 15 fits snugly within the cylinder fof body 8 and engages the wall at the base 0f the cone formation 10. Element 16 has a flange like formation 19 which f fits snugly the inner wall of the cylinder 8 with its flat face against the rear face of dlsc 15. `Integral with this flange is an extension 20 of lesser diameter extending 'concentrally with the flange. In the face o the flanged formation, w ich rests against element-15, there is provided ay centrally disposed circular recess or depression 21, and four channels or slots 22, evenly s aced apart, extending entirely through the ange from its periphery, tangentially to the cen,

tral recess 21, as clearly shown in Fi 5. The elements 15 and 16 serve asa partltion -tov divide the interior'of the body 8 into the flange 19, it will be obvious that the portion of the channels which project beyond the circumference of extension 20 will form ports or passages from the compartment 23 .to said channel 22 and the recess 21. The flaring port 18 delivers from the channels 22 and recess 21 to the compartment 24.

The element 17 is a perforated cylinder preferably of sheet metal. One end of this cylinder fits over a reduced portion 25 of an inwardly projecting part or nozzle 26 from plug 13; the other end abuts against element 16. This cylinder is held in position against element 16 by the pressure of plug 13, threaded into body 8. In fact all the elements 15, 16 and 17 are held in operative position by the pressure of member 13.

The interior or bore 27 of plug 13 delivers to the interior of cylinder 17 and the fuel emerges therefrom through the perforations 28.

The body 8 is adaptedto be supported in the opening 29 of a combustion chamber or pan. larger than body 8 and communicates wit a pipe or conductor 30, surrounding body 8 and leading from a source of air supply under pressure.

It will be noted that opening 29 has a bevelled margin so that the inlet side, to- Ward pipe 30, is larger than the discharge side; this tends to compress the air stream and direct it toward the fuel stream issuing from vent 11 and toward the fin or flange p portion 12. The purpose of this is to bring the air and fuel into closer contact and to cause a. partial mixing as the air passes through port 29. The air stream or current Sweeping, in converging lines, over the end of nozzle 10 and the liange portion 12, tends to sweep with it any fuel which might otherwise tend to drip or dribble'from vent 11, down the walls of the nozzle to the fin 12.

In operation, the fuel is delivered, under pressure, by a suitable heavy oil or similar fluid fuel, its passage,`

in fine streams through the said perforations, tends to `break up the mass of fuel in small particles. This fuel then passes through the tangentially arranged channels 22 to the central depression or recess 21, and forms therein a whirling mass which passes in whirling streams through the Haring ort 18, into theconical `compartment 24. I',I'he end of compartment 24C, adjacent port 18, is larger in cross-section than said port, which permits expansion of the whirlin mass of fuel delivered through port 18. T e part of the compartment 24, which is remote from port 18, is contracted `or cone-shaped, with the vent 11 at its apex. This causes .a compression of the fuel before its release through This opening 29 is considerabl Y the vent, which results in an effective spraying of the fuel issuing through said vent.

The current of air under pressure, passing through the pipe or conduit 30 is delivered to the port or opening 29, which is contracted or bevelled toward its delivery side. This tends to sweep the air currents toward the nozzle vent 1l, so that the same will more effectually impinge the fuel spray issuing therefrom, and cause a mixing of the air and fuel emerging through port 29, for combustion.

W'hat I claim is 1. In a fuel burning device, the combination of a chambered body having an outwardly projecting conical end and a discharge vent, at the apex thereof, means, comprising a flanged element, .dividing the 'interior of the chambered body into tWo compartments, said flanged element provided, in its face towards the discharge vent, with a centrally disposed recess having depth'corresponding to the thickness of the flange, and with slots extending entirely through the flange and from its periphery tangentially to the central recess, and means delivering fuel under pressure to said slots.

2, In a fuel burning device, the combination of a chambered body having an outwardly projecting conical end and a discharge vent at the apex of the cone, means comprising a flanged disc dividing the interior of the chambered body into two compartments, one cylindrical and the other conical, said dividing means provided, on the conical-compartment side thereof, with a centrally disposed recess corresponding in depth to the thickness of the flange, and with channels in the flanged portion extending from the peripheral Wall of the cylindrical compartment and delivering tangentially to said central recess, a perforated cylinder within the cylindrlcal compartment having pressure en agement with the flanged disc, and means ellverin fuel under pressure to said perforated cy inder.

3. In a fuel burning device, the combination of a formation having an air discharge opening, a chambered body havlng an out wardly projecting conical end extending through said oplening ,and having a discharge vent at t e a ex of the cone, means comprising a lian e disc dividing the interior of the .cham ered body into two com- 120 partments, one cylindrical and the other conical, said dividing means provided, on. the conical-compartmentside thereof, with a centrally disposed recess correspondin in depth to the thickness of the flange, an with channels in the flanged portion extending from the peripheral wall of the cylindrical compartment and `delivering tangentiall to said central recess.

4. In a nel burning device, the combina- 130 tion of a chambered body having a conical shaped end and a discharge vent at the apex of the cone, the outer wall of said conev having an annular lin projecting between the apex and base thereof, means dividing the interior of the chambered body into two compartments, one cylindrical and the other conical, said dividing means provided, on the conical-compartment side`thereof, with a centrally disposed recess, and with channels extending from the peripheral wall of the cylindrical compartment and delivering tangentially to said central recess, and means delivering fuel under pressure to the cylindrical compartment.

5. In a fuel burnin device, the combination of a chambered ody having a conical shaped end and av discharge vent at the apex of the cone, means dividing the interior'of the chambered body into two compartments, one cylindrical and the other conical, said dividin means comprising a cylindrical body havmg a projecting circular ange of greater diameter than that of the main body and fitting the surrounding wall of the cylindrical compartment, having its face toward theother compartment provided with a centrally. disposed circular recess and channels extendir` g1; through the flange from the periphery thereof and `delivered tangentially to the circular recess, and an annular body covering said channels on one side and having an opening registering with the circular recess and flaring toward the conical compartment, and means delivering fuel under pressure to the cylindrical compartment.

6. In a fuel burning device, the combination of a chambered body havlng a conical shaped end and a discharge vent at the apex of the cone, means dividlng the inteentirely y rior of the chambered 'body into two comp.

through the flange from the periphery thereof and delivering tangentially to the circular recess, and an annular body covermg said channels on one side and having an opening registering with the circular recess and flaring toward the conical compartment, a straining device positioned within the cylindrical compartment and means delivering fuel 'under pressure to the straining device.

7. In a fuel burning device, the combination of a chambered body having an outwardly projecting conical end and a discharge' vent at the apex of the cone, means comprising a fianged disc dividing the interior of the chambered body into two compartments, one cylindrical and the other conical, said dividing means provided, on the conical-compartment side thereof, with a centrally disposed recess corresponding in depth to the thickness of 4the disc, and with channels in the flanged portion extendin from the peripheral wall of the cylindrica compartment and delivering tangentially to said central recess, a perforated cylinder positioned within the cylindrical compartment, a fuel conductor deliveri thereto, said conductor threadedinto the c ambered body and exerting pressure upon the perforated cylinder and the anged disc.

. JOHN A. WILLNERS. 

